What causes plugged ducts and mastitis, and how can I get rid of them?
Plugged Ducts
There’s not necessarily a plug/clog/block in the milk ducts; instead, breast tissue is inflamed or swollen, which restricts the flow of breast milk. You may feel a hard spot/lump in the breast.
Causes:
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- Tight fitting bras/tops.
- Nursing in just one position.
- Skipping/delaying feedings or pumping sessions.
- Baby’s feeding schedule changes (like starting solid foods or during weaning).
- Baby isn’t effectively draining the breast (perhaps from a poor latch).
Solutions:
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- Rest
- Nurse/pump on-demand as usual, but don’t overfeed.
- Use ice to decrease swelling.
- Gently massage with fingertips.
- Dangle nurse/pump or try different nursing positions.
- Ask your doctor about taking an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication like ibuprofen.
Mastitis
If inflammation, commonly caused by a plugged duct or engorgement, does not resolve, it can lead to mastitis, which is an infection in the breast tissue. If any of the symptoms below last more than 24 hours, contact your doctor, as you may need medication. It is still safe to feed your baby, even if you are diagnosed with mastitis and are receiving treatment!
Symptoms:
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- Breast pain
- Swelling
- Warmth
- Redness
- Hard spot
- Fever
- Chills
- Body aches
- Fatigue
Use the same methods to manage mastitis as suggested for plugged ducts, along with antibiotics if your doctor prescribes them. Keep removing milk as usual, get lots of rest, stay well-hydrated, and use cool packs to reduce inflammation.
You may notice a decrease in milk flow because the swelling from the inflammation can press on the ducts, slowing or blocking the milk from flowing well. Continue nursing on demand and use both breasts.
It’s normal for a breastfeeding mom to experience a temporary dip in milk supply when sick, including with mastitis. This happens because her energy goes toward healing rather than milk production. If you're concerned, track diaper output. Take good care of yourself; your milk supply will rebound!